How to identify a press machine

A press (including hydraulic presses) is a sophisticated, general-purpose press. It is characterized by its wide range of applications and high production efficiency. Presses are widely used in processes such as cutting, stamping, dropping, bending, riveting, and forming. By applying strong pressure to metal blanks, the metal is deformed and fractured to form parts. When a mechanical press is working, the motor drives a large pulley (usually also serving as a flywheel) via a V-belt, which in turn drives a crank-slider mechanism via a gear pair and clutch. The slide and punch descend linearly. After the forging process is completed, the slide moves upward, the clutch automatically disengages, and simultaneously, an automatic actuator on the crankshaft stops the slide near the top dead center.

Pressure Press Risk Identification

1. Clutch failure: Cracks or loosening of the rotary key, key handle, and direct key of the rigid clutch; loose contacts of the intermediate relay.

2. Brake failure: Not interlocked with the clutch.

3. Lack of an emergency stop device, or improperly positioned emergency stop button.

4. Rotating parts of the equipment lack protective covers or have damaged covers, posing a risk of injury to personnel from accidental contact.

5. Exposed foot switches and foot pedals on the workbench lack adequate and reliable protective covers.

6. Electrical equipment lacks adequate insulation, shielding, and protective clearance; a PE (protective earth) line is not connected, posing a risk of electric shock if accidentally touched.

7. The press lacks or has only one type of protective device; presses operated by multiple people lack two-hand operating devices for each operator.

8. The press lacks protective devices for mold adjustment and maintenance; these devices are not interlocked with the control system of the main drive motor and slide stroke.

9. The hydraulic lines of the press are unreliable, aged, or leaking; the hydraulic system lacks an overflow valve, leading to hydraulic oil leakage and potential impact injuries.

Main Preventive Measures:

1. The clutch should operate sensitively and reliably, without any connection shock; the rotary key, key handle, and straight key of a rigid clutch should be free of cracks or loosening; the traction electromagnetic contacts should not be stuck, and the intermediate relay contacts should be reliable with no connection issues.

2. The brake should be reliable and interlocked with the clutch to ensure coordinated and correct operation of the brake and clutch.

3. Emergency stop devices should comply with the relevant provisions of GB16754. Large stamping machinery should generally be installed in locations where they can be quickly accessed by hand without malfunction.

4. All exposed rotating components of equipment within 2 meters of the operator's standing surface should be equipped with complete and reliable protective covers, and the distance should comply with the relevant provisions of GB23821.

5. Exposed foot switches and foot pedals on the workbench should be equipped with reasonable and reliable protective covers.

6. The insulation, shielding, and protective spacing of electrical equipment should comply with the relevant provisions of GB5226.1; the PE line should be reliably connected, and the wire diameter, cross-section, and installation method should comply with the relevant provisions of 4.2.39 of this standard.

7. Presses, enclosed pressure lines, and bending machines should be equipped with at least one reliable and effective protective device. For multi-operator presses, each operator should be equipped with a two-hand operating device, and its installation and use should comply with the relevant provisions of GB/T19671.

8. Presses should be equipped with protective devices for mold adjustment or maintenance. This device should be interlocked with the control system of the main drive motor or slide stroke.

9. The hydraulic lines of the press should be reliably connected, free from aging or leakage, and the hydraulic system should be equipped with an relief valve.